From 1960, Zurich-based MTP AG, led by Hassan Sayed Kamil, arranged German and Austrian specialists and machine parts for the development of Egypt’s arms industry. Its senior staff included aircraft-engine designer Ferdinand Brandner. Deliveries of machine tools and materials to Egypt’s arms industry are also documented in the published diplomatic records. The transactions prompted public protests and parliamentary interventions in 1963 and 1964. On 18 June 1964, 317 professors called in an advertisement for an end to Swiss arms assistance to Egypt. In July 1964, Kamil cited a no-objection statement by the Swiss authorities; historical research published in 2016 confirmed that the authorities did not treat his activities as illegal at the time. Swiss intermediation of machinery and specialist personnel is thus documented; a delivery of nuclear weapons from Switzerland is not established.
In the dispute over Egypt’s arms programme, Israeli agent Joseph Ben-Gal and Austrian chemist Otto Joklik pressured Heidi and Rainer Goercke at Basel’s Hotel Drei Könige on 2 March 1963 to persuade their father Paul, who worked in Egypt, to return. On 12 June 1963, both men were sentenced to two months’ imprisonment without suspension and fifteen years’ expulsion from the country; the prison sentence was covered by pretrial detention. Two MTP employees copied company documents and sold them to Israeli intelligence. Their Zurich conviction in May 1964 concerned breach of trade secrets, not a conviction of Kamil for illegal arms exports.
Joklik ordered cobalt-60 in Germany, which can be used in nuclear-weapons production.
A Swiss–Egyptian compensation agreement worth 40 million Swiss francs was concluded on 20 July 1964. Kamil’s role as an intermediary in the agreement remained speculation. MTP closed in 1965 after Egypt turned towards Soviet support.
Effect of the proposed War Materiel Act revision
Under the new Article 22b, the Federal Council could depart from all the licensing criteria in Article 22a under vaguely defined ‘exceptional circumstances’. The public would not have to be informed.
The Federal Council could add Egypt to Annex 2 by amending the War Materiel Ordinance. This would remove the exclusion criterion based on participation in an armed conflict and make approval the rule. The Federal Council could refuse a licence only in exceptional cases.
Article 18 paragraph 1 would abolish non-re-export declarations in the vast majority of cases. Weapons for Egypt could thus easily be supplied through a subsidiary or intermediary in a third country. France could serve as a third country, having, according to SIPRI, supplied substantial quantities of war materiel to Egypt in recent years (4’607 million TIV).