Swiss War Materiel and Arms Exports

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Swiss cluster-munition parts and the Lebanon war

Goods category: War materiel

The Swiss Ammunition Company and later RUAG Munition manufactured parts for 15.5 cm cargo shells under licence from Israel Military Industries (IMI). They also carried out final assembly of 12 cm mortar cargo rounds for the Swiss army. Procurement under the 1988, 1991, 1993 and 1999 armaments programmes cost a total of 652 million Swiss francs. In September 2006, the Group for a Switzerland without an Army reported Swiss component exports to Israel in 1990 and 2000 and suspected Swiss involvement in developing the M85 submunition used in Lebanon. Human Rights Watch documented Israeli use of M85 in the 2006 Lebanon war. In 2007, the Federal Council stated that the Swiss subcontractors’ direct services had ended with the last ammunition deliveries to the Swiss army in 2004. IMI had not procured further ammunition parts from these companies for third-party customers. Licensed production included IMI DPICM submunitions. On 19 March 2019, the Department of Defence announced completion of the disposal of around 9’000 tonnes of Swiss army cluster munitions. The last shells had been disposed of in 2018. Fifty cargo shells were retained for training in mine clearance and ammunition disposal.

Effect of the proposed War Materiel Act revision

Under the new Article 22b, the Federal Council could depart from all the licensing criteria in Article 22a under vaguely defined ‘exceptional circumstances’. The public would not have to be informed. The Federal Council could add Israel to Annex 2 by amending the War Materiel Ordinance. This would remove the exclusion criterion based on participation in an armed conflict and make approval the rule. The Federal Council could refuse a licence only in exceptional cases. Article 18 paragraph 1 would abolish non-re-export declarations in the vast majority of cases. Weapons for Israel could thus easily be supplied through a subsidiary or intermediary in a third country. The United States could serve as a third country, having, according to SIPRI, supplied substantial quantities of war materiel to Israel in recent years (5’009 million TIV).

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Conflicts

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Time period

1988–2004; debate in 2006–2007; disposal in 2018/2019

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