Swiss War Materiel and Arms Exports

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Brenntag chemicals for Bashar al-Assad’s Syria

Goods category: Unclear

Bashar al-Assad, 17.05.2018.

CC BY 4.0

In November 2014, 5’120 kilograms of isopropanol were delivered from Switzerland to Syria. SECO accepted the stated pharmaceutical use and said in 2018 that there was no evidence of use in a weapons of mass destruction programme. The delivery prompted parliamentary inquiries because isopropanol can also be used to manufacture sarin. The supplier was Brenntag Schweizerhall AG in Basel; the recipient was the Syrian pharmaceutical company MPI. In 2019, Brenntag confirmed that it had also supplied diethylamine, citing its stated use in painkiller production. According to an update to the company’s statement dated 2 August 2019, the Duisburg public prosecutor’s office declined to open an investigation into the isopropanol delivery. On 1 June 2018, following a further review, the Federal Council announced that all the isopropanol had been used to manufacture a medicine for a Swiss client and that SECO had acted correctly. A formal licensing requirement for exports of these chemicals to Syria was introduced only through the amendment to the sanctions ordinance on that same day.

Effect of the proposed War Materiel Act revision

Under the new Article 22b, the Federal Council could depart from all the licensing criteria in Article 22a under vaguely defined ‘exceptional circumstances’. The public would not have to be informed. The Federal Council could add Syria to Annex 2 by amending the War Materiel Ordinance. This would remove the exclusion criterion based on participation in an armed conflict and make approval the rule. The Federal Council could refuse a licence only in exceptional cases. Article 18 paragraph 1 would abolish non-re-export declarations in the vast majority of cases. Weapons for Syria could thus easily be supplied through a subsidiary or intermediary in a third country.

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Time period

2014; inquiries in 2018–2019

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