Swiss War Materiel and Arms Exports

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Swiss weapons and components for the Iraq War

Goods category: War materiel

F/A-18 Super Hornet alongside an F4U Corsair, Key West, 15.04.2011.

Public Domain (US-Regierungswerk; PD-USGov-Military-Navy)

RUAG subsidiary Derendinger + Cie. supplied Boeing with structural components supporting the horizontal tail of the F/A-18 E/F Super Hornet and was the sole supplier of those parts. This aircraft type was first used against targets in southern Iraq on 6 November 2002. In March 2003, Derendinger supplied F/A-18 fighter components to the United States, including after the Federal Council’s decision to review exports was publicly announced. The Social Democratic Party filed a criminal complaint. RUAG pointed to valid licences; Foreign Minister Micheline Calmy-Rey said the company had not yet received the written request when the delivery took place. Besides aircraft parts, the party’s complaint of 28 March 2003 concerned grenade-launcher ammunition that RUAG had supplied to the United States and the United Kingdom in March. In May 2003, the Office of the Attorney General of Switzerland announced that preliminary enquiries had not established sufficient grounds to suspect a violation of the War Materiel Act; it did not open a criminal investigation. RUAG supplied hand grenades to the United Kingdom. Group chief executive Toni Wicki confirmed the deals before the Iraq War began in 2003. In February 2003, the deliveries drew criticism as British troops were being assembled for a possible attack on Iraq. Wicki said RUAG could not determine how the weapons would subsequently be used. In 2002, the US Marine Corps ordered 100’000 60 mm MAPAM mortar rounds from RUAG. At the start of the Iraq War in 2003, a monitoring body appointed by the Federal Council reviewed ongoing exports of war materiel to the United States, the United Kingdom, Australia, Denmark and Poland. Exporters had to confirm in writing that their deliveries would not be used in the ongoing war. At the start of the Iraq War in 2003, RUAG supplied Maverick guided missiles to the US Air Force. These are air-to-ground weapons. Sauter Bachmann in canton Glarus supplied Boeing with engine components for the F/A-18 Super Hornet. US forces used this aircraft type in Afghanistan and Iraq. The supplies were discussed in a 2020 investigation into Swiss arms exports. Exports worth a total of 14.5 million Swiss francs had been approved for the company in 2017.

Effect of the proposed War Materiel Act revision

Under the new Article 22b, the Federal Council could depart from all the licensing criteria in Article 22a under vaguely defined ‘exceptional circumstances’. The public would not have to be informed. For the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, Denmark and Poland, as current Annex 2 states, Article 22a paragraph 2bis would remove the exclusion criterion based on participation in an armed conflict and make approval the rule. The Federal Council could refuse a licence only in exceptional cases.

Countries

Conflicts

Companies

Time period

Deliveries and debate in 2002–2003; further Super Hornet supplies documented until 2020

Sources