Swiss machine tools were delivered to Russian companies working for the arms industry. The Swiss companies named include GF Machining Solutions, Fritz Studer AG, Codere SA, Sylvac SA and Galika AG. Russian aircraft engine manufacturer PJSC Kuznetsov used grinding machines made by Fritz Studer AG. The machines were purchased in 2018 on behalf of the Russian Ministry of Defence. PJSC Kuznetsov manufactures engines for strategic bombers such as the Tu-22, which the Russian air force uses in the war against Ukraine. In 2016, Jura-based Codere SA delivered heat-treatment equipment to the Russian Elektromashina plant, which manufactures components for Russian tanks, among other products. Between 17 February and 19 March 2020, Galika submitted three applications to export machine tools to Russia. Two concerned a machining centre and a sliding-headstock automatic lathe for manufacturing medical-device components; the third concerned a machining centre for manufacturing technological equipment. SECO rejected the applications on 17 June 2020 because it suspected a concealed military end use or an unauthorised onward transfer. Galika disputed this and submitted documents on civilian use. On 11 January 2021, the Federal Administrative Court overturned the refusal and remitted the case for further fact-finding and a new decision. Among other shortcomings, SECO had not sufficiently examined technical information on civilian use and had violated the right to be heard in the third application.